Abilities that trigger when a creature attacks, blocks, or is blocked will trigger during each combat that turn. Thus, a creature with Rampage will get the bonus added during each attack.

A creature that must attack each turn, must only attack once that turn. It is not forced into each attack that turn.

If you manage to cast this during a main phase of your opponent's turn, that opponent's creatures will untap and that opponent will be able to attack again. It will not allow you to attack during their turn.

It only creates an additional combat and main phase if it resolves during a main phase.